Using Google CheckStyle in Maven Lifecycle

5 분 소요

Maven Lifecycle and Plugins for Test

0. 들어가면서

여러 명이 함께 일할 때 코드 스타일은 중요합니다. 중간에 엉뚱한 스타일로 작성된 코드는 개발자의 가독성을 떨어뜨립니다. 이번엔 프로젝트 내 같은 코드 컨벤션(convention)을 가지도록 돕는 도구와 메이븐(maven) 플러그인을 통해 코드 확인을 자동화하는 방법에 대해 정리하였습니다.

1. Google CheckStyle

구글은 코드 스타일을 통일할 수 있도록 컨벤션에 대한 내용을 담은 XML 파일을 제공합니다. XML 파일에 정의된 규칙대로 코드 스타일을 강제할 수 있습니다. 아래 링크에서 해당 파일을 다운로드 받습니다.

https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/blob/master/src/main/resources/google_checks.xml

다운로드 받은 google_checks.xml 파일은 프로젝트 루트(root) 경로에 위치시킵니다. 파일 경로는 상관 없고, 프로젝트 코드들과 함께 관리되도록 위치시킵니다.

2. Customize Code Style

코드 스타일 일부를 변경합니다.

google_checkstyle.xml

JavaDoc 관련된 컨벤션은 주석 처리하여 제거합니다.
들여쓰기를 4칸으로 지정합니다.

<!--    <module name="NonEmptyAtclauseDescription"/>-->
<!--    <module name="InvalidJavadocPosition"/>-->
<!--    <module name="JavadocTagContinuationIndentation"/>-->
<!--    <module name="SummaryJavadoc">-->
<!--        <property name="forbiddenSummaryFragments"-->
<!--              value="^@return the *|^This method returns |^A [{]@code [a-zA-Z0-9]+[}]( is a )"/>-->
<!--    </module>-->
<!--    <module name="JavadocParagraph"/>-->
<!--    <module name="RequireEmptyLineBeforeBlockTagGroup"/>-->
<!--    <module name="AtclauseOrder">-->
<!--        <property name="tagOrder" value="@param, @return, @throws, @deprecated"/>-->
<!--        <property name="target"-->
<!--              value="CLASS_DEF, INTERFACE_DEF, ENUM_DEF, METHOD_DEF, CTOR_DEF, VARIABLE_DEF"/>-->
<!--    </module>-->
<!--    <module name="JavadocMethod">-->
<!--        <property name="accessModifiers" value="public"/>-->
<!--        <property name="allowMissingParamTags" value="true"/>-->
<!--        <property name="allowMissingReturnTag" value="true"/>-->
<!--        <property name="allowedAnnotations" value="Override, Test"/>-->
<!--        <property name="tokens" value="METHOD_DEF, CTOR_DEF, ANNOTATION_FIELD_DEF, COMPACT_CTOR_DEF"/>-->
<!--    </module>-->
<!--    <module name="MissingJavadocMethod">-->
<!--        <property name="scope" value="public"/>-->
<!--        <property name="minLineCount" value="2"/>-->
<!--        <property name="allowedAnnotations" value="Override, Test"/>-->
<!--        <property name="tokens" value="METHOD_DEF, CTOR_DEF, ANNOTATION_FIELD_DEF,-->
<!--                       COMPACT_CTOR_DEF"/>-->
<!--    </module>-->
<!--    <module name="MissingJavadocType">-->
<!--        <property name="scope" value="protected"/>-->
<!--        <property name="tokens"-->
<!--              value="CLASS_DEF, INTERFACE_DEF, ENUM_DEF,-->
<!--              RECORD_DEF, ANNOTATION_DEF"/>-->
<!--        <property name="excludeScope" value="nothing"/>-->
<!--    </module>-->

    <module name="MissingJavadocType">
        <property name="scope" value="protected"/>
        <property name="tokens"
                  value=""/>
        <property name="excludeScope" value="nothing"/>
    </module>

3. Maven Plugin

메이븐 플러그인을 통해 메이븐 골(goal)을 만들고, 실행할 수 있습니다.

3.1. Dependency for plugin

maven-checkstyle-plugin 플러그인을 추가합니다. 플러그인에 적합한 버전의 checkstyle 의존성을 함께 정의합니다. LITERAL_SWITCH 토큰을 지원하지 않는다는 에러 메시지를 만나면 버전 10.9.0 이상을 사용합니다.

Token "LITERAL_SWITCH" was not found in Acceptable tokens list in check com.puppycrawl.tools.checkstyle.checks.blocks.RightCurlyCheck

3.2. pom.xml

골 이름을 check로 지정합니다.
violationSeverity
- 컨벤션 위반 심각성 레벨을 warning으로 지정합니다.
- warning이 발생하는 경우 빌드가 실패합니다.
failsOnError
- 에러가 있는 경우 빌드를 실패시킵니다.

    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceDirectories>${basedir}/src</project.build.sourceDirectories>
        <checkstyle.config.location>${basedir}/google_checkstyle.xml</checkstyle.config.location>
    </properties>

    ...

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>check</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
                        <version>10.9.1</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
                <configuration>
                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
                    <failsOnError>true</failsOnError>
                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
                    <configLocation>${checkstyle.config.location}</configLocation>
                    <sourceDirectories>${project.build.sourceDirectories}</sourceDirectories>
                    <propertyExpansion>suppressionFile=${basedir}/google_checkstyle.xml</propertyExpansion>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

$ mvn checkstyle:check package 
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------< action.in.blog:action-in-blog >--------------------
[INFO] Building action-in-blog 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.2.1:checkstyle (default-cli) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Rendering content with org.apache.maven.skins:maven-default-skin:jar:1.3 skin.
[INFO] Starting audit...
[WARN] /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/src/main/java/action/in/blog/ActionInBlogApplication.java:6:1: Missing a Javadoc comment. [MissingJavadocType]
Audit done.
[WARNING] Unable to locate Source XRef to link to - DISABLED
[WARNING] Unable to locate Test Source XRef to link to - DISABLED
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.3.0:resources (default-resources) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.10.1:compile (default-compile) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.3.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.10.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/target/test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests
16:41:15.855 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Neither @ContextConfiguration nor @ContextHierarchy found for test class [ActionInBlogApplicationTests]: using SpringBootContextLoader
16:41:15.859 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractContextLoader - Could not detect default resource locations for test class [action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
16:41:15.859 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils - Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests]: ActionInBlogApplicationTests does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
16:41:15.878 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Using ContextCustomizers for test class [ActionInBlogApplicationTests]: [ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer, DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer, MockitoContextCustomizer, TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer, DisableObservabilityContextCustomizer, PropertyMappingContextCustomizer, Customizer]
16:41:15.929 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider - Identified candidate component class: file [/Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/target/classes/action/in/blog/ActionInBlogApplication.class]
16:41:15.930 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Found @SpringBootConfiguration action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplication for test class action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests
16:41:15.992 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.util.TestContextSpringFactoriesUtils - Skipping candidate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener] due to a missing dependency. Specify custom TestExecutionListener classes or make the default TestExecutionListener classes and their required dependencies available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttributeSource]
16:41:15.993 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.util.TestContextSpringFactoriesUtils - Skipping candidate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener] due to a missing dependency. Specify custom TestExecutionListener classes or make the default TestExecutionListener classes and their required dependencies available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttribute]
16:41:15.995 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper - Using TestExecutionListeners for test class [ActionInBlogApplicationTests]: [ServletTestExecutionListener, DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener, ApplicationEventsTestExecutionListener, MockitoTestExecutionListener, DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener, EventPublishingTestExecutionListener, ResetMocksTestExecutionListener, RestDocsTestExecutionListener, MockRestServiceServerResetTestExecutionListener, MockMvcPrintOnlyOnFailureTestExecutionListener, WebDriverTestExecutionListener, MockWebServiceServerTestExecutionListener]
16:41:15.996 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDirtiesContextTestExecutionListener - Before test class: class [ActionInBlogApplicationTests], class annotated with @DirtiesContext [false] with mode [null]

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.4)

2023-03-18T16:41:16.191+09:00  INFO 48332 --- [           main] a.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests   : Starting ActionInBlogApplicationTests using Java 17.0.1 with PID 48332 (started by junhyunk in /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog)
2023-03-18T16:41:16.192+09:00  INFO 48332 --- [           main] a.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests   : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2023-03-18T16:41:16.911+09:00  INFO 48332 --- [           main] a.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests   : Started ActionInBlogApplicationTests in 0.887 seconds (process running for 1.518)
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.517 s - in action.in.blog.ActionInBlogApplicationTests
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.3.0:jar (default-jar) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/target/action-in-blog-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:3.0.4:repackage (repackage) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  5.877 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-03-18T16:41:18+09:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Build Fail when Violation Conventions

코드 컨벤션을 고의로 망가트린 후 빌드가 실패하는지 확인합니다.

ActionInBlogApplication Class

코드 블럭에 줄내림을 만들어 컨벤션을 위반합니다.

package action.in.blog;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ActionInBlogApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(ActionInBlogApplication.class, args);
    }

}

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

코드 블럭에 관련된 경고 메시지와 함께 골 실행이 실패하는 것을 볼 수 있습니다.

$ mvn checkstyle:check package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------< action.in.blog:action-in-blog >--------------------
[INFO] Building action-in-blog 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.2.1:check (default-cli) @ action-in-blog ---
[INFO] Starting audit...
[WARN] /Users/junhyunk/Desktop/action-in-blog/src/main/java/action/in/blog/ActionInBlogApplication.java:10:5: '{' at column 5 should be on the previous line. [LeftCurly]
Audit done.
[WARNING] src/main/java/action/in/blog/ActionInBlogApplication.java:[10,5] (blocks) LeftCurly: '{' at column 5 should be on the previous line.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  1.668 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-03-18T17:02:05+09:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.2.1:check (default-cli) on project action-in-blog: You have 1 Checkstyle violation. -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

TEST CODE REPOSITORY

https://github.com/Junhyunny/blog-in-action/tree/master/2021-04-29-maven-checkstyle

Apply Google CodeStyle for IntelliJ

REFERENCE

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강준현

Using Google CheckStyle in Maven Lifecycle

0. 들어가면서

1. Google CheckStyle

2. Customize Code Style

google_checkstyle.xml

3. Maven Plugin

3.1. Dependency for plugin

3.2. pom.xml

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

4. Build Fail when Violation Conventions

ActionInBlogApplication Class

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

TEST CODE REPOSITORY

REFERENCE

공유하기

댓글남기기

참고

JWK(Json Web Key)

How to set weights and styles with @font-face

Problem of deserialization in GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer class

Problem of sharing ApplicationContext with TestContainer

강준현

RECOMMEND POSTS BEFORE THIS

0. 들어가면서

1. Google CheckStyle

2. Customize Code Style

google_checkstyle.xml

3. Maven Plugin

3.1. Dependency for plugin

3.2. pom.xml

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

4. Build Fail when Violation Conventions

ActionInBlogApplication Class

Run Package Phase with Checkstyle Goal

TEST CODE REPOSITORY

RECOMMEND NEXT POSTS

REFERENCE

공유하기

댓글남기기

참고

JWK(Json Web Key)

How to set weights and styles with @font-face

Problem of deserialization in GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer class

Problem of sharing ApplicationContext with TestContainer